In recent investigations (view here), scientists have uncovered pathways by which elevated levels of blood lipids may induce inflammation and, progressively, result in more severe outcomes, including organ damage.
Inflammation serves as both a cause and a risk factor for various conditions, encompassing obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular issues. While infection stands as a primary trigger for inflammation, wherein the body initiates an immune response upon detecting hazardous foreign microorganisms like bacteria, this response is typically a natural and beneficial process that helps maintain overall health. Nevertheless, there are instances where inflammation arises independently of infection, leading to abnormal persistence and potential harm in various forms.
German researchers have investigated the impact of elevated triglyceride and lipid levels in the bloodstream, revealing a connection to harmful inflammation and potential organ damage. Their study, featured in Nature Immunology, identified high triglyceride levels as a trigger for inflammation through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex. This inflammation, observed in both mouse models and human participants with chronic kidney disease or a history of heart attack, was associated with organ damage and increased mortality risk. The researchers suggest that targeting excessive apolipoprotein C3, linked to high blood fat, could be a strategy to combat unhealthy inflammation. Additionally, they emphasize the importance of dietary choices in controlling blood fat levels and promoting overall health.
*Here's a comprehensive guide for patients on understanding immunology.*
In a separate study, researchers at Copenhagen University Hospital and the University of Copenhagen found that both high and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, commonly known as "good cholesterol," are linked to an increased risk of infectious diseases. Analyzing health data from over 100,000 participants, the study revealed that individuals with very low or very high HDL cholesterol levels had a higher risk of infectious diseases, such as gastroenteritis or pneumonia, and a corresponding elevated risk of premature death. The researchers emphasize the need for further investigation into the role of HDL cholesterol in influencing the immune system, beyond its traditionally studied connection to cardiovascular disease.
“This leads to inflammation, which, if it becomes chronic, can damage the kidneys or cause atherosclerosis — the narrowing of arteries due to a buildup of deposits on the inner arterial wall. And atherosclerosis is one of the main causes of heart attacks and strokes.”
- Dr. Timo Speer
To read more about Dr. Timo's findings, click here.
References: Medical News Today
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